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CITY OF REVELATION John Michell 1972 Page 109 "At the root of our traditional units of measurement is the ancient, mystical science of numbers, to which Plato makes an obscure reference towards the end of Epinomis, here quoted from Lamb's translation. The most important and first (study) is of numbers in themselves: not of those which are corporeal, but of the whole origin of the odd and the even and the greatness of their influence on the nature of reality. When he has learnt these things, there comes next what they call by the very ridiculous name of geometry, when it proves to be a manifest likening of numbers not like one another by nature in respect of the province of planes; and this will be clearly seen by him who is able to understand it to be a marvel, not of human but of divine origin. And then, after that, the numbers thrice increased and like to the solid nature, and those again which have been made unlike, he likens by another art, namely that which its adepts call stereometry.' The text is probably corrupt, the expressions are unfamiliar and it is hard to follow Plato's meaning. But the reference, both here and in another passage in Laws, is to some method of relating different classes of phenomena to one numerical system, by which the adept may come to understand the unifying principle in nature. Of this knowledge Plato declares that it is the greatest of all blessings both to him who possessed it and to his community, but if it can not be acquired, the best substitute is simple faith in God since, on the / Page 110 / word of an initiate, matters are far better arranged than we can possibly conceive. He continues,'Every diagram and system of number and every combination of harmony and the agreement of the revolution of the stars must be made manifest as one in all to him who learns in the proper way, and will be made manifest if a man learns aright by keeping his eyes on unity; for it will be manifest to us as we reflect, that there is one bond naturally uniting all these things.' The number 666 in metrology The number which above all others acts as a bond between the various units of measurement is the perfect number of Chaldean mathematics, 666. For example, 666 feet = 150 cubits + 150 MY while 666 square feet = 90 square MY. Also 6660 square yards = 902 square MY and 66,600 square feet = 1502 square cubits. The Babylonians had a decimal system, but they also reckoned in units of 6, 60 and 600 and a curious survival of this system is found in the letters which the Romans used as numerals, for the sum of I, V, X, L, C and D is 666. "
THE DEATH OF GODS IN ANCIENT EGYPT Jane B. Sellars 1992 Page 204 "The overwhelming awe that accompanies the realization, of the measurable orderliness of the universe strikes modern man as well. Admiral Weiland E. Byrd, alone In the Antarctic for five months of polar darkness, wrote these phrases of intense feeling: Here were the imponderable processes and forces of the cosmos, harmonious and soundless. Harmony, that was it! I could feel no doubt of oneness with the universe. The conviction came that the rhythm was too orderly, too harmonious, too perfect to be a product of blind chance - that, therefore there must be purpose in the whole and that man was part of that whole and not an accidental offshoot. It was a feeling that transcended reason; that went to the heart of man's despair and found it groundless. The universe was a cosmos, not a chaos; man was as rightfully a part of that cosmos as were the day and night.10 Returning to the account of the story of Osiris, son of Cronos god of' Measurable Time, Plutarch takes, pains to remind the reader of the original Egyptian year consisting of 360 days. Phrases are used that prompt simple mental. calculations and an attention to numbers, for example, the 360-day year is described as being '12 months of 30 days each'. Then we are told that, Osiris leaves on a long journey, during which Seth, his evil brother, plots with 72 companions to slay Osiris: He also secretly obtained the measure of Osiris and made ready a chest in which to entrap him. The, interesting thing about this part of the-account is that nowhere in the original texts of the Egyptians are we told that Seth, has 72 companions. We have already been encouraged to equate Osiris with the concept of measured time; his father being Cronos. It is also an observable fact that Cronos-Saturn has the longest sidereal period of the known planets at that time, an orbit. of 30 years. Saturn is absent from a specific constellation for that length of time. A simple mathematical fact has been revealed to any that are even remotely sensitive to numbers: if you multiply 72 by 30, the years of Saturn's absence (and the mention of Osiris's absence prompts one to recall this other), the resulting product is 2,160: the number of years required, for one 30° shift, or a shift: through one complete sign of the zodiac. This number multplied by the / Page205 / 12 signs also gives 25,920. (And Plutarch has reminded us of 12) If you multiply the unusual number 72 by 360, a number that Plutarch mentions several times, the product will be 25,920, again the number of years symbolizing the ultimate rebirth. This 'Eternal Return' is the return of, say, Taurus to the position of marking the vernal equinox by 'riding in the solar bark with. Re' after having relinquished this honoured position to Aries, and subsequently to the to other zodiacal constellations. Such a return after 25,920 years is indeed a revisit to a Golden Age, golden not only because of a remarkable symmetry In the heavens, but golden because it existed before the Egyptians experienced heaven's changeability. But now to inform the reader of a fact he or she may already know. Hipparaus did: not really have the exact figures: he was a trifle off in his observations and calculations. In his published work, On the Displacement of the Solstitial and Equinoctial Signs, he gave figures of 45" to 46" a year, while the truer precessional lag along the ecliptic is about 50 seconds. The exact measurement for the lag, based on the correct annual lag of 50'274" is 1° in 71.6 years, or 360° in 25,776 years, only 144 years less than the figure of 25,920. With Hipparchus's incorrect figures a 'Great Year' takes from 28,173.9 to 28,800 years, incorrect by a difference of from 2,397.9 years to 3,024. Since Nicholas Copernicus (AD 1473-1543) has always been credited with giving the correct numbers (although Arabic astronomer Nasir al-Din Tusi,11 born AD 1201, is known to have fixed the Precession at 50°), we may correctly ask, and with justifiable astonishment 'Just whose information was Plutarch transmitting' AN IMPORTANT POSTSCRIPT Of course, using our own notational system, all the important numbers have digits that reduce to that amazing number 9 a number that has always delighted budding mathematician. Page 206 Somewhere along the way, according to Robert Graves, 9 became the number of lunar wisdom.12 This number is found often in the mythologies of the world. the Viking god Odin hung for nine days and nights on the World Tree in order to acquire the secret of the runes, those magic symbols out of which writing and numbers grew. Only a terrible sacrifice would give away this secret, which conveyed upon its owner power and dominion over all, so Odin hung from his neck those long 9 days and nights over the 'bottomless abyss'. In the tree were 9 worlds, and another god was said to have been born of 9 mothers. Robert Graves, in his White Goddess, Is intrigued by the seemingly recurring quality of the number 72 in early myth and ritual. Graves tells his reader that 72 is always connected with the number 5, which reflects, among other things, the five Celtic dialects that he was investigating. Of course, 5 x 72= 360, 360 x 72= 25,920. Five is also the number of the planets known to the ancient world, that is, Saturn, Jupiter, Mars, Venus Mercury. Graves suggests a religious mystery bound up with two ancient Celtic 'Tree Alphabets' or cipher alphabets, which as genuine articles of Druidism were orally preserved and transmitted for centuries. He argues convincingly that the ancient poetry of Europe was ultimately based on what its composers believed to be magical principles, the rudiments of which formed a close religious secret for centuries. In time these were-garbled, discredited and forgotten. Among the many signs of the transmission of special numbers he points out that the aggregate number of letter strokes for the complete 22-letter Ogham alphabet that he is studying is 72 and that this number is the multiple of 9, 'the number of lunar wisdom'. . . . he then mentions something about 'the seventy day season during which Venus moves successively from. maximum eastern elongation 'to inferior conjunction and maximum western elongation'.13 Page 207 "...Feniusa Farsa, Graves equates this hero with Dionysus. Farsa has 72 assistants who helped him master the 72 languages created at the confusion of Babel, the tower of which is said to be built of 9 different materials We are also reminded of the miraculous translation into Greek of the Five Books of Moses that was done by 72 scholars working for 72 days, Although the symbol for the Septuagint is LXX, legend, according to the fictional letter of Aristeas, records 72. The translation was done for Ptolemy Philadelphus (c.250 BC), by Hellenistic Jews, possibly from Alexandra.14 Graves did not know why this number was necessary, but he points out that he understands Frazer's Golden Bough to be a book hinting that 'the secret involves the truth that the Christian dogma, and rituals, are the refinement of a great body of primitive beliefs, and that the only original element in Christianity- is the personality of Christ.15 Frances A. Yates, historian of Renaissance hermetisma tells, us the cabala had 72 angels through which the sephiroth (the powers of God) are believed to be approached, and further, she supplies the information that although the Cabala supplied a set of 48 conclusions purporting to confirm the Christian religion from the foundation of ancient wisdom, Pico Della Mirandola, a Renaissance magus, introduced instead 72, which were his 'own opinion' of the correct number. Yates writes, 'It is no accident there are seventy-two of Pico's Cabalist conclusions, for the conclusion shows that he knew something of the mystery of the Name of God with seventy-two letters.'16 In Hamlet's Mill de Santillana adds the facts that 432,000 is the number of syllables in the Rig-Veda, which when multiplied by the soss (60) gives 25,920" (The reader is forgiven for a bit of laughter at this point) The Bible has not escaped his pursuit. A prominent Assyriologist of the last century insisted that the total of the years recounted mounted in Genesis for the lifetimes of patriarchs from the Flood also contained the needed secret numbers. (He showed that in the 1,656 years recounted in the Bible there are 86,400 7 day weeks, and dividing this number yields / Page 208 / 43,200.) In Indian yogic schools it is held that all living beings exhale and inhale 21,600 times a day, multiply this by 2 and again we have the necessary 432 digits. Joseph Campbell discerns the secret in the date set for the coming of Patrick to Ireland. Myth-gives this date-as-the interesting number of AD.432.18 Whatever one may think-of some of these number coincidences, it becomes difficult to escape the suspicion that many signs (number and otherwise) - indicate that early man observed the results of the movement of Precession and that the - transmission of this information was considered of prime importance. With the awareness of the phenomenon, observers would certainly have tried for its measure, and such an endeavour would have constituted the construction-of a 'Unified Field Theory' for nothing less than Creation itself. Once determined, it would have been information worthy of secrecy and worthy of the passing on to future adepts. But one last word about mankind's romance with number coincidences.The antagonist in John Updike's novel, Roger's Version, is a computer hacker, who, convinced, that scientific evidence of God's existence is accumulating, endeavours to prove it by feeding -all the available scientific information. into a comuter. In his search for God 'breaking, through', he has become fascinated by certain numbers that have continually been cropping up. He explains them excitedly as 'the terms of Creation': "...after a while I noticed that all over the sheet there seemed to hit these twenty-fours Jumping out at me. Two four; two, four. Planck time, for instance, divided by the radiation constant yields a figure near eight times ten again to the negative twenty-fourth, and the permittivity of free space, or electric constant, into the Bohr radius ekla almost exactly six times ten to the negative twenty-fourth. On positive side, the electromagnetic line-structure constant times Hubble radius - that is, the size of the universe as we now perceive it gives us something quite close to ten to the twenty-fourth, and the strong-force constant times the charge on the proton produces two point four times ten to the negative eighteenth, for another I began to circle twenty-four wherever it appeared on the Printout here' - he held it up his piece of stripped and striped wallpaper, decorated / Page 209 /
with a number of scarlet circles - 'you can see it's more than random.'19 So much for any scorn directed to ancient man's fascination with number coincidences. That fascination is alive and well, Just a bit more incomprehensible"
ADVENT 2245 ADVENT
99 NAMES OF GOD GOD OF NAMES 99 THEN SINGS MY SOUL MY SAVIOUR GOD TO THEE HOW GREAT THOU ART HOW GREAT THOU ART
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Doctor Faustus The Tragical History of the Life and Death of Doctor Faustus, commonly referred to simply as Doctor Faustus, is an Elizabethan tragedy by Christopher Marlowe, based on German stories about the title character Faust. It was written sometime between 1589 and 1592, and may have been performed between 1592 and Marlowe's death in 1593. The devil will come, and Faustus must be damn'd. See, see, where Christ's blood streams in the firmament! Ah, rend not my heart for naming of my Christ! Stretcheth out his arm, and bends his ireful brows!
AMEN ALL MEN ALL MEN AMEN AMEN ALLWOMEN ALL WOMEN AMEN
AMEN THE NAME
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"The virgin will conceive and give birth to a son, and they will call him Immanuel" (which means "God with us"). “Behold, the virgin shall conceive and bear a son, and they shall call his name Immanuel” (which means, God with us). Matthew 1:23 "The virgin will conceive and give birth to a ... biblehub.com/matthew/1-23.htm
The Meaning of Immanuel, God with Us www.orlutheran.com/html/immanuel.html And this very special Christmas name, as Matthew tells us, means "God with us." Jesus Christ is Immanuel, "God with us," and I'd like to share why this is so ... Matthew 1:23 "The virgin will conceive and give birth to a ... matthew/1-23.
Christ Emmanuel or God with Us - Grace Gems! www.gracegems.org/W/e1.htm "They shall call His name Emmanuel, which being interpreted is, God with us. ... give birth to a son, and they will call him Immanuel– which means, 'God with us.
Isaiah 7:14 Explained - Immanuel God With Us www.bibleanswerstand.org/immanuel.htm This study is aimed at finding the true meaning of Immanuel in Isaiah 7:14. ... texts for the deity of Jesus Christ because of the words, “Immanuel,” (God with us).
Why wasn't Jesus named Immanuel? - GotQuestions.org www.gotquestions.org/Immanuel-Jesus.html by S. Michael Houdmann - Jesus was God making His dwelling among us (John 1:1,14). No, Jesus' name was not Immanuel, but Jesus was the meaning of Immanuel, "God with us.
Words Around "Emmanuel" in the English Dictionary "The word Immanuel/Emmanuel means, "God with us." It conveys the idea of God come down in the flesh, mingling alongside mankind, subject to their brutality, while extending his love in bringing their redemption."
GOD WITH US AND US WITH GOD
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GOD WITH US 123456789 987654321 US WITH GOD
GREETINGS CHILD OF THE RAINBOW
THE HOURS OF HORUS THAT I OF THAT I OF THAT I THAT I AM SALUTES THE ALMIGHTY THAT IS THEE PEACE BE UNTO YOU GOODWILL UNTO ALL SENTIENT BEINGS
MAGIC IS AS MAGIC DOES
THE RISE AND FALL OF ANCIENT EGYPT The History of a Civilisation from 3000 BC to Cleopatra Toby Wilkinson 2010 Page XIV EARLY DYNASTIC PERIOD 2950-2575 Unification of Egypt Narmer
R NAME R
R NAME R
R NAME R
NARMER N RAM E R NARMER
Menes From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia This article is about the Pharaoh. For the H. P. Lovecraft character, see The Cats of Ulthar. For the Macedonian general, see Menes of Pella. For the Romanian village of Miniş, called Ménes in Hungarian, see Ghioroc. Menes Africanus: Mênês Pharaoh Successor Menes (/ˈmiːniːz/; Egyptian: Mnj, probably pronounced */maˈnij/;[5] Ancient Greek: Μήνης;[4] Arabic: مينا) was an ancient Egyptian pharaoh of the early dynastic period, credited by classical tradition with having united Upper and Lower Egypt, and as the founder of the first dynasty (Dynasty I).[6] The identity of Menes is the subject of ongoing debate, although mainstream Egyptological consensus identifies Menes with the protodynastic pharaoh Narmer[1][2][3] (most likely) or first dynasty Hor-Aha.[7] Both pharaohs are credited with the unification of Egypt, to different degrees by various authorities. The commonly used Menes derives from Manetho, an Egyptian historian and priest who lived during the Ptolemaic period. Manetho used the name in the form Μήνης (transliterated: Mênês).[4][8] An alternative Greek form, Μιν (transliterated: Min), was cited by the 5th-century BCE historian Herodotus,[9] a variant no longer considered the result of contamination from the name of the god Min.[10] The Egyptian form, Meni, is taken from the Turin and Abydos king lists (dated Dynasty XIX). The name, Menes, means "He who endures", which, Edwards (1971) suggests, may have been coined as "a mere descriptive epithet denoting a semi-legendary hero [...] whose name had been lost".[4] Rather than a particular person, the name may conceal collectively the protodynastic pharaohs Ka, Scorpion and Narmer.[4] §Narmer and Menes[edit] Main article: Narmer The almost complete absence of any mention of Menes in the archaeological record,[4] and the comparative wealth of evidence of Narmer, a protodynastic figure credited by posterity and in the archaeological record with a firm claim[2] to the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt, has given rise to a theory identifying Menes with Narmer. The chief archaeological reference to Menes is an ivory label from Naqada which shows the royal Horus-name Aha (the pharaoh Hor-Aha) next to a building, within which is the royal nebty-name mn,[11] generally taken to be Menes.[4][a] From this, various theories on the nature of the building (a funerary booth or a shrine), the meaning of the word mn (a name or the verb endures) and the relationship between Hor-Aha and Menes (as one person or as successive pharaohs) have arisen.[1] The Turin and Abydos king lists, generally accepted to be correct,[1] list the nebty-names of the pharaohs, not their Horus-names,[2] and are vital to the potential reconciliation of the various records: the nebty-names of the king lists, the Horus-names of the archaeological record and the number of pharaohs in Dynasty I according to Manetho and other historical sources.[2] Petrie first attempted this task,[2] associating Iti with Djer as the third pharaoh of Dynasty I, Teti (Turin) (or another Iti (Abydos)) with Hor-Aha as second pharaoh, and Menes (a nebty-name) with Narmer (a Horus-name) as first pharaoh of Dynasty I.[1][2] Lloyd (1994) finds this succession "extremely probable",[2] and Cervelló-Autuori (2003) categorically states that "Menes is Narmer and the First Dynasty begins with him".[3] However, Seidlmayer (2004) states that it is "a fairly safe inference" that Menes was Hor-Aha.[7] §Dates[edit] Egyptologists, archaeologists and scholars from the 19th century have proposed different dates for the era of Menes, or the date of the first dynasty:[12][b] Modern consensus dates the era of Menes or the start of the first dynasty between c. 3100–3050 BC; some academic literature uses c. 3000 BC.[13] §History[edit] By 500 BC mythical and exaggerated claims had made Menes a cultural hero, and most of what is known of him comes from a much later time.[14] Ancient tradition ascribed to Menes the honor of having united Upper and Lower Egypt into a single kingdom,[15] and becoming the first pharaoh of Dynasty I.[16] However, his name does not appear on extant pieces of the Royal Annals (Cairo Stone and Palermo Stone), which is a now-fragmentary king's list that was carved onto a stela during the Fifth dynasty. He typically appears in later sources as the first human ruler of Egypt, directly inheriting the throne from the god Horus.[17] He also appears in other, much later, king's lists, always as the first human pharaoh of Egypt. Menes also appears in demotic novels of the Graeco-Roman Period, demonstrating that, even that late, he was regarded as important figure.[18] Menes was seen as a founding figure for much of the history of Ancient Egypt, similar to Romulus in Ancient Rome.[19] Manetho records that Menes "led the army across the frontier and won great glory".[8][16] §Capital[edit] Manetho associates the city of Thinis with the first dynasties (Dynasty I and Dynasty II) and, in particular, Menes, a "Thinite" or native of Thinis.[8][16] Herodotus contradicts Manetho in stating that Menes founded the city of Memphis as his capital[20] after diverting the course of the River Nile through the construction of a dyke.[21] Manetho ascribes the building of Memphis to Menes' son, Athothis,[16] and calls no pharaohs earlier than Dynasty III "Memphite".[22] Herodotus and Manetho's stories of the foundation of Memphis are probably later inventions: in 2012 a relief mentioning the visit of Memphis by Iry-Hor --a predynastic ruler of Upper Egypt reigning before Namer-- was discovered in Sinai, indicating that the city was already in existence in the early 32nd century BC.[23] §Cultural influence[edit] Diodorus Siculus stated that Menes had introduced the worship of the gods and the practice of sacrifice[24] as well as a more elegant and luxurious style of living.[24] For this latter invention, Menes' memory was dishonoured by the Dynasty XXIV pharaoh Tefnakht, and Plutarch mentions a pillar at Thebes on which was inscribed an imprecation against Menes as the introducer of luxury.[24] In Pliny's account, Menes was credited with being the inventor of writing in Egypt. §Crocodile episode[edit] Diodorus Siculus recorded a story of Menes,[25] related by the priests of the crocodile-god Sobek at Crocodilopolis, in which the pharaoh Menes, attacked by his own dogs while out hunting,[26] fled across Lake Moeris on the back of a crocodile and, in thanks, founded the city of Crocodilopolis.[26][27] Faber (1816), taking the word campsa to mean either crocodile or ark and preferring the latter, identifies Menes with Noah and the entire story as a deluge myth.[28] Edwards (1974) states that "the legend, which is obviously filled with anachronisms, is patently devoid of historical value",[27] but Maspero (1910), while acknowledging the possibility that traditions relating to other kings may have become mixed up with this story, dismisses the suggestions of some commentators[24] that the story should be transferred to the Dynasty XII pharaoh Amenemhat III and sees no reason to doubt that Diodorus did not correctly record a tradition of Menes.[26] §Death[edit] According to Manetho, Menes reigned for 62 years and was killed by a hippopotamus.[8][16]
Menes | biography - king of Egypt | Encyclopedia Britannica www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/374923/Menes Menes, also spelled Mena, Meni, or Min (flourished c. 2925 bce), first king of unified Egypt, who, according to ancient tradition, joined Upper and Lower Egypt in ...
MEME WHAT IS A MEME THINKEST THOU
THE MIND OF MIN
NAME THO MANETHO
ircamera.as.arizona.edu/NatSci102/NatSci102/lectures/ptolemy.htm Ptolemy. lived around 150 AD, and elaborated the geocentric (earth-centered) model of the ... Ptolemy's epigram, from the
Well do I know that I am mortal, a creature of one day. - Ptolemy's epigram, from the Almagest, probably written by himself
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Ptolemies - Livius www.livius.org › index › ancient Greece › ancient Egypt This marked the beginning of Egypt's independence under a new dynasty, the Ptolemies (or Lagids). Ptolemy accepted the royal title in 306. In 332, the Macedonian king Alexander the Great conquered Egypt and gave a new capital to the old kingdom along the Nile, Alexandria. After his death (11 June 323), his friend Ptolemy became satrap of Egypt, and started to behave himself rather independently. When Perdiccas, the regent of Alexander's mentally unfit successor Philip Arridaeus arrived in 320, he was defeated. This marked the beginning of Egypt's independence under a new dynasty, the Ptolemies (or Lagids). Ptolemy accepted the royal title in 306. The fourteen kings of this dynasty were all called Ptolemy and are numbered by modern historians I to XV (Ptolemy VII never reigned). A remarkable aspect of the Ptolemaic monarchy was the prominence of women (seven queens named Cleopatra and four Berenices), who rose to power when their sons or brothers were too young. This was almost unique in Antiquity. Another intriguing aspect was the willingness of the Ptolemies to present themselves to the Egyptians as native pharaohs (cf. the pictures below, some of which are in Egyptian style). This was less unique: the Seleucid dynasty that reigned the Asian parts of Alexander's empire did the same. "A remarkable aspect of the Ptolemaic monarchy was the prominence of women (seven queens named Cleopatra and four Berenices), " The fourteen kings of this dynasty were all called Ptolemy
The fourteen kings of this dynasty were all called Ptolemy
"A remarkable aspect of the Ptolemaic monarchy was the prominence of women (seven queens named Cleopatra and four Berenices), "
"A remarkable aspect of the Ptolemaic monarchy was the prominence of women (seven queens named Cleopatra and four Berenices), "
THE RISE AND FALL OF ANCIENT EGYPT The History of a Civilisation from 3000 BC to Cleopatra Toby Wilkinson 2010 END OF INNOCENCE (2175-1541 BC) PARADISE POSTPONED
O shabti, detailed to (serve) me ... if I am summoned or if I am detailed to do any work which is to be done in the afterlife ... you shall detail yourself to me every time, (whether) for maintaining the fields, irrigating the banks or ferrying sand from east to west. 'Look, here I am', you shall say.' Truth will out When a man remains after passing away, His deeds are set alongside him . . . He who reaches (the next life) without wrongdoings Will exist there like a god . . . 3 In this scheme of things, virtue was no longer enough: it had to be accompanied by freedom from vice. In inscriptions of the period, the boastfulness and bombast typical of Old Kingdom autobiographies are joined for the first time by notes of doubt and defensiveness. A man might enumerate his many qualities and achievements but also take pains to state 'I never spoke a falsehood against any living person'.4 The 'negative confession', a declaration not to have committed a prescribed list of wrongful acts, became an essential component of the judgement process. Do not stand up against me Do not witness against me, Do not oppose me in the tribunal, Do not incline against me ... 7 Page 158 158
Page 156 “Vindication before the divine tribunal required more, however, than a mere denial of wrong doing. It involved a fundamental assessment of a person's true worth, a weighing of their good and bad deeds in order to arrive at a balanced judgement of their character. Only those who passed this 'calculation of differences' were deemed fit to join Osiris and live for ever. On his stela from Abdju, the Eleventh Dynasty general Intef confidently proclaims that 'his voice is true in the calculation of differences'. In other words, he has been justified and found worthy of resurrection as a transfigured spirit.” 'his voice is true in the calculation of differences'
HIS VOICE IS TRUE IN THE CALCULATION OF DIFFERENCES
ATUM
KEEPER OF GENESIS A QUEST FOR THE HIDDEN LEGACY OF MANKIND Robert Bauval Graham Hancock 1996 Page 254 "...Is there in any sense an interstellar Rosetta Stone? We believe there is a common language that all technical civilizations, no matter how different, must have. That common language is science and mathematics. The laws of Nature are the same everywhere:..."
SOMATOPHYLAKES BODYGUARD COMPANIONS Somatophylakes - Wikipediahttps://en.wikipedia.org › wiki › Somatophylakes Somatophylax (Bodyguard) - Livius.orghttps://www.livius.org › articles › concept › somatophyl... Somatophylax (Bodyguard) As it is in our own time, important persons in Antiquity had a bodyguard to protect them and clear the road when they were approaching. For example, the king of Sparta could command 300 hippeis ("horsemen"). In Macedonia, there was a distinction between the real protectors (the hetairoi or "companions") and the seven men who were merely called bodyguard (somatophylax) but were in fact adjutants. It is likely that the Macedonian kings were following a Persian example; the great king also had an elite corps of anûšiya ("companions"), and seven men who were his principal advisers. During the reign of Alexander the Great, especially after the fall of his generals Parmenion and Philotas (330), he increasingly used the somatophylakes for special missions. In the third century, the title "somatophylax" was given to high court officials. Higher officials could receive the rank of archisomatophylax, "archbodyguard". In the table below, you can see the names of the adjutants of Alexander the Great, and how they changed during his reign. Peucestas, who saved the king's life during a siege in the Punjab, was added as an eighth somatophylax.
Somatophylakes (Greek: S?µat?f??a?e?; singular: somatophylax, s?µat?f??a?) were the bodyguards of high-ranking people in ancient Greece. Somatophylakes The "Somatophylakes" of Alexander the Great: Some Thoughtshttps://www.jstor.org › stable The 7 Bodyguards Who Outlived Alexander the Greathttp://turningpointsoftheancientworld.com › 2019/02/18 THE HELLENISTIC WORLD, WARS OF THE DIADOCHI Alexander the Great was one of history’s greatest military commanders. His unmatched charismatic leadership, unbelievable luck and his access to the most modern army of the age all helped ensure his success. Yet one of Alexander’s greatest assets was the high calibre of his subordinates – men who could similarly inspire soldiers serving under them with their bravery and military prowess: Craterus, Parmenion, Coenus and Cleitus the Black to name just a few. Seven of Alexander’s closest subordinates, his philoi (friends), belonged to the most prestigious power circle in Alexander’s empire: the king’s chosen somatophylakes, his bodyguards.
Alexander aside, these men were the most powerful people in the Macedonian army. Many did not survive the campaigns; yet for those seven members that outlived the legendary Macedonian king, their prestigious position provided them great prominence when deciding the fate of Alexander’s empire. So who were these somatophylakes? Here are the seven bodyguards of Alexander the Great who outlived the man they were sworn to protect. 1. Perdiccas Following Alexander’s accession to the Macedonian throne and the commencement of his Persian campaign, Perdiccas was given command of the Orestian phalanx battalion. Later he was made a member of Alexander’s bodyguard and went on to be one of his most trusted generals. Following Alexander’s death, Perdiccas was the highest ranking general in Babylon and, after brutally suppressing a challenge to his claim, he became the regent of Alexander’s empire. He ruled as such for two years. Realising that Perdiccas had desires to become Alexander’s heir however, many of Perdiccas’ former brothers-in-arms turned on him, especially Ptolemy. After a disastrous campaign in Egypt, Perdiccas was murdered by his generals. He was the only commander to rule – albeit in name only – the entirety of Alexander’s Empire. 2. Ptolemy Few men in history have achieved more than Ptolemy. Like Perdiccas, he was a close companion of Alexander the Great and went on to serve with the Macedonian king throughout his campaigns. After Alexander’s death Ptolemy claimed the rich province of Egypt where he quickly established a strong power base. His seizing of Alexander the Great’s body in 321 BC sparked the First War of the Successors – the war that culminated in Perdiccas’ demise. Ptolemy continued to play a very active role in the rest of the Wars – getting involved in various theatres of battle: Cyrenaica, the Near East, Cyprus, Asia Minor and the Peleponnese for instance. Ptolemy also constructed much monumental architecture in Alexandria, his modern capital. He established a dynasty that lasted some 250 years, ending in 31 BC with the death of the famous Cleopatra. 3. Peithon When Alexander died in Babylon in 323 BC, Peithon supported Perdiccas’ claim to be the supreme authority in the empire and was duly rewarded with the rich satrap of Media. Later in 323 BC Peithon was dispatched by Perdiccas to deal with a Greek uprising in Bactria, where more than 20,000 soldiers had left their posts on this hostile north-eastern frontier of the empire and started marching home to Greece. Peithon, however, hoped to establish his own power base in the East; he planned to recruit these Greek mercenaries to his cause. Yet Perdiccas outfoxed him, taking the rather drastic step of ordering the Macedonian soldiery to show no mercy to the Greek mercenaries. Peithon later accompanied Perdiccas on his ill-fated Egyptian campaign, serving as one of his highest-ranking officers. After his failed attempts to cross the Nile however, Peithon killed Perdiccas and joined Ptolemy. As a reward he was reinstated as governor of Media. Media - The 7 Bodyguards Who Outlived Alexander the Great Having returned to Media, there Peithon again attempted to establish himself as the most powerful man in the East; but, once again, he was foiled in his plans when he was confronted and defeated by a coalition of neighbouring satraps led by Peucestas, the ruler of Persia. Peithon served with Antigonus during his campaign against Eumenes, fighting at the battles of Paraetacene and Gabene. But after defeating Eumenes, Antigonus soon became suspicious of his power-hungry ally. Not long after Eumenes’ denise, Antigonus summoned Peithon to Ecbatana where he was duly arrested and executed. Antigonus was taking no chances and, giving Peithon’s infamous record, who could blame him. 4. Peucestas During the siege of Multan in 326 BC, Alexander and a few men had to fight for their lives against hundreds of Indians. One of these men was Peucestas, who defended Alexander with the sacred shield, although Alexander was eventually struck by an arrow that pierced his lung. For his bravery and for saving his life, Alexander rewarded Peucestas lavishly: he made him a member of his bodyguard and assigned him governor of the rich province of Persia upon their return to Babylon. Persis - The 7 Bodyguards Who Outlived Alexander the Great Following his victory, Antigonus had Peucestas arrested and removed his governship, although he later regained some power when he became one of Demetrius’ greatest aides. 5. Aristonous When Alexander died in 323 BC, Aristonous championed Perdiccas as the man to hold supreme power. After voicing his support in favour of Perdiccas, Aristonous served as Perdiccas’ lieutenant in Cyprus in 321 BC but was soon overwhelmed by Antigonus ‘Monopthalmus’. Treating him with great respect Antigonus permitted Aristonous to return to Macedonia, where he remained for the next four years. Yet in 317 BC, Aristonous could escape the Wars of the Successors no longer. That year he was recruited by Olympias, mother of Alexander the Great, to help defend her regime in Macedonia from her bitter enemy Cassander. Aristonous returned to the fold, ably leading the defence of Amphipolis and gaining a decisive victory against one of Cassander’s generals. In the end however, Olympias lost the civil war and Aristonous was ordered to surrender Amphipolis. He duly did, but only on the condition Cassander guaranteed his safety. The pledge was short-lived however. Cassander handed Aristonous over to the relatives of the general he had decisively beaten months earlier to decide his fate. A death sentence was announced and another of Alexander the Great’s generals, who had sought a return to private life, was destroyed by the Wars of the Successors. 6. Leonnatus After Alexander’s death, Leonnatus took the side of Perdiccas in the ensuing struggle for power in Babylon. For a time, it seemed he was destined for a very high position. Yet subsequent events proved otherwise. In the end, he was rewarded with the rather petty satrap of Hellespontine Phrygia, the gateway to Europe. Hellespomnt e1554318757751 - The 7 Bodyguards Who Outlived Alexander the Great Tempted by these offers, Leonnatus crossed over into Europe. He gathered a sizeable army in Macedonia and marched down to Lamia near Thermopylae, where Antipater and his army were besieged. On his way he was confronted by the Greek force. Although the Greek infantry was far outclassed by Leonnatus’ Macedonian phalanx, they did outnumber him in cavalry – having some 3,500 men, including an elite squadron of Thessalians, compared to Leonnatus’ 1,500 Macedonian horsemen. Not fearing the huge odds stacked against him and embracing his reputation as one of Alexander the Great’s greatest generals, Leonnatus led his outnumbered cavalry in a headlong charge against the Greeks. After a great struggle, the Greek horsemen’s numbers began to show as they started to force Leonnatus’ men back into a marsh. Cut off from his infantry, there Leonnatus fought ferociously. Eventually however, Thessalian lances found their mark; critically injured Leonnatus was carried back towards camp by his comrades. Yet Leonnatus never reached safety, dying before his entourage reached it. Leonnatus was the first of Alexander’s top generals to meet his end in the Wars that followed the Conqueror’s demise. He would not be the last. 7. Lysimachus Lysimachus was one of the great survivors of the Wars of Alexander the Great’s Successors. Having originally served as a high-ranking general in Alexander the Great’s army, following Alexander’s death he was assigned the province of Thrace. He had the vital task of protecting the northern frontier of the Hellenic World from barbarians across the Danube River. For twenty-odd years he prioritised securing this region and establishing a strong northern border. After many years of hardship, he eventually achieved this. In 301 BC he finally became a big player in the Wars of the Successors when he fought, and helped win, the climactic Battle of Ipsus. Following Ipsus, Lysimachus became the most powerful ruler in the west. He remained so until his death in 281 BC against Seleucus at the Battle of Corupedium, following which his empire collapsed. Note Avatar SOMATOPHYLAKES BODYGUARD COMPANIONS
LETTERS TRANSPOSED INTO NUMBER REARRANGED IN NUMERICAL ORDER
BODYGUARD COMPANIONS
LETTERS TRANSPOSED INTO NUMBER REARRANGED IN NUMERICAL ORDER
LETTERS TRANSPOSED INTO NUMBER REARRANGED IN NUMERICAL ORDER
SOMATOPHYLAKES BODYGUARD COMPANIONS
AFRICAN NIGHTMARE (SPECTRE OF FAMINE) 1975
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